| 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 |
Net revenue in €m | 4,337.6 | 3,509.5 | 3,213.8 | 2,936.0 | 2,779.7 | 2,462.3 |
thereof treasury result from banking and similar business in €m | 532.2 | 142.7 | 196.6 | 247.7 | 204.5 | 132.6 |
Operating costs (excluding depreciation, amortisation and impairment losses) in €m | −1,822.2 | −1,551.6 | −1,368.7 | −1,264.5 | −1,340.2 | −1,131.6 |
Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) in €m | 2,525.6 | 2,043.7 | 1,869.4 | 1,678.2 | 1,443.7 | 1,528.5 |
Depreciation, amortisation and impairment losses in €m | −355.6 | −293.7 | −264.3 | −226.2 | −210.5 | −159.9 |
Net profit for the period attributable to Deutsche Börse AG shareholders in €m | 1,494.4 | 1,209.7 | 1,079.9 | 1,003.9 | 824.3 | 874.3 |
Earnings per share (basic) in € | 8.14 | 6.59 | 5.89 | 5.47 | 4.46 | 4.68 |